Mashele Kiswahili

Categories of non-equivalence between English and Arabic In the following there is a list of some categories where non-equivalence between English and Arabic will be presented and analyzed. Solutions and translation strategies to deal with these cases are presented throughout the analysis. These categories are suggested by Baker (1992) in her discussion of non-equivalence at the word level. She dealt with the problem of non-equivalence giving examples from different languages including Arabic. However, the Arabic examples she gave were limited. More extensive example list of Arabic terms will contribute to Arab translators from and into English. Culture-specific terms and concepts in the two languages 1. Arabic customs, food and social life A list of common culture-specific terms is presented in the following table. Arabic term English equivalent Commentary     Use paraphrase strategy where the words are explained based on modifying the super-ordinate wo...

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Introduction Errors are integral part of language acquisition. The phenomenon of error has long interested SLA researchers. In a traditional second language teaching situation, they are regarded as the linguistic phenomena deviant from the language rules and standard usages, reflecting learner's deficiency in language competence and acquisition device. Many teachers simply correct individual errors as they occur, with little attempt to see patterns of errors or to seek causes in anything other than learner ignorance. Presently, however, with the development of linguistics, applied linguists, psychology and other relevant subjects, people's attitude toward errors changed greatly. Instead of being problem to be overcome or evils to be eradicated, errors are believed to be evidence of the learners' stages in their target language (TL) development. It is through analyzing learner errors that errors are elevated from the statue of "undesirability to that of a guid...